--- title: Does Phthalate Metabolite Concentration Differ Among Population Groups? | Discovery Through Data description: UrLeaka Newsome’s midcourse capstone project was inspired by a podcast where the guest drew a comparison between consumer spending on health and beauty aid products and health disparities for certain population groups. She explored this claim and learned that research has found a connection between phthalate metabolites and obesity, reproductive and developmental disease, and disorders. image: https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/hubfs/Exploring%20Phthalate%20Metabolite%20Concentration.png --- [![Nashville Software School Logo](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/hubfs/Jan2018/Images/NSS-logo-horizontal-small.jpg)](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/) - [Programs](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs) - [Software Development Jumpstart](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/software-development-jumpstart) - [Analytics Jumpstart](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/analytics-jumpstart) - [Data Engineering Jumpstart](https://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/data-engineering-jumpstart) - [Full-Time Web Developer Bootcamp](https://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/web-developer-full-time/) - [Part-Time Web Developer Bootcamp](https://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/web-developer-part-time/) - [Full-Time Data Analytics Bootcamp](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/data-analytics-full-time) - [Part-Time Data Analytics Bootcamp](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/data-analytics-part-time) - [Date Engineering Bootcamp](https://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/data-engineering) - [Statistics For Data Science](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/statistics-for-data-science) - [Data Science Bootcamp](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/data-science) - [Professional Development](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/professional-development) - [Community](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community) - [Shop NSS](https://shopnss.creator-spring.com/) - [Our Team](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/instructors/) - [Alumni](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/alumni/) - [Mentors](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/mentors/) - [Employers](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/employers/) - [Veterans' Information](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/veterans-info/) - [Podcast](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/podcast/) - [Join Our Team](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/join-our-team) - [Support NSS](https://support.nashvillesoftwareschool.com) - [Donate](https://support.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/ways-to-give) - [Corporate Giving](https://support.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/building-a-better-community-through-corporate-giving) - [Become A Volunteer](https://support.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/become-a-volunteer) - [Community Impact Report](https://support.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community-impact-report-2025) - [Calendar](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/calendar) - [Upcoming Events](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/calendar/events) - [Upcoming Programs](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/calendar/upcoming-programs/) - [Blog](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog) # Blog # Does Phthalate Metabolite Concentration Differ Among Population Groups? | Discovery Through Data Mar 5, 2019 • [Mandy Arola](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/author/mandy-arola) *This series features mid-course projects for our Data Science Bootcamp. Students were tasked with asking an interesting data question and finding a dataset to answer the question. Next, they spent time cleaning, wrangling, and exploring the data, before designing and building an interactive Shiny app.* UrLeaka Newsome’s midcourse capstone project was inspired by a podcast where the guest drew a comparison between consumer spending on health and beauty aid products and health disparities for certain population groups. She explored this claim and learned that research has found a connection between phthalate metabolites and obesity, reproductive and developmental disease, and disorders. Phthalates are industrial chemicals found in plastic products, personal care products, and food packaging. ### The Data Question If phthalates are linked to health issues, could different population groups be impacted differently based on the products they buy? The first step to answering this question was to look for a potential relationship between phthalate metabolites and health disparities among population groups in the United States. ### Cleaning The Data UrLeaka worked with a large data set from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). She used data from 2015-2016 for individuals 18 years of age and older and was able to link several files in the data set together based on the patient code. She shared, “in addition to the challenge of getting the files to ‘talk’ to each other, correctly categorizing and grouping the information took a lot of time in order to accurately display and summarize the data.” To clean her data, she used the R packages tidyverse, dplyr, haven, and broom. ### Visualizing The Data View her [Exploring Phthalate Metabolite Concentration for Various Populations](https://newood.shinyapps.io/Demographic-Phthalate-Intake-/) app. For her visualizations, UrLeaka graphed the mean phthalate metabolite for several variables, including age, gender, ethnicity, and diseases and disorders like cancer, thyroid issues, and diabetes. She also created a multi-variable table to compare the mean phthalate metabolite among different groups. ### The Results ![Exploring Phthalate Metabolite Concentration](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/hs-fs/hubfs/Exploring%20Phthalate%20Metabolite%20Concentration.png?width=800&name=Exploring%20Phthalate%20Metabolite%20Concentration.png) UrLeaka found a few differences among the population groups. “Surprisingly, there seemed to be a noticeable difference in the phthalate metabolite concentration for certain groups. Men, individuals over the age of 65, and non-Hispanic Black individuals appeared to have a higher amount of phthalate urinary concentration,” she shared. “In addition, there were 11 individuals in the study that had an exponentially higher amount of phthalate metabolite concentration. If these outliers were removed, similar results would still reveal a slightly higher amount of phthalate concentration for non-Hispanic Blacks. Individuals that were 65 years of age and older and individuals that were between 30 and 49 in age had about the same average phthalate concentration.” Topics: [Analytics + Data Science](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/analytics-data-science) [![Share on Facebook](https://static.hubspot.com/final/img/common/icons/social/facebook-24x24.png)](http://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Flearn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com%2Fblog%2F2019%2F03%2F05%2Fdoes-phthalate-metabolite-concentration-differ-among-population-groups%3Futm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_source%3Dfacebook) [![Share on LinkedIn](https://static.hubspot.com/final/img/common/icons/social/linkedin-24x24.png)](http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Flearn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com%2Fblog%2F2019%2F03%2F05%2Fdoes-phthalate-metabolite-concentration-differ-among-population-groups%3Futm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_source%3Dlinkedin) [![Share on Twitter](https://static.hubspot.com/final/img/common/icons/social/twitter-24x24.png)](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?original_referer=https%3A%2F%2Flearn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com%2Fblog%2F2019%2F03%2F05%2Fdoes-phthalate-metabolite-concentration-differ-among-population-groups%3Futm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_source%3Dtwitter&url=https%3A%2F%2Flearn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com%2Fblog%2F2019%2F03%2F05%2Fdoes-phthalate-metabolite-concentration-differ-among-population-groups%3Futm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_source%3Dtwitter&source=tweetbutton&text=Does%20Phthalate%20Metabolite%20Concentration%20Differ%20Among%20Population%20Groups%3F%20%7C%20Discovery%20Through%20Data) [![Share on Email](https://static.hubspot.com/final/img/common/icons/social/email-24x24.png)](mailto:?subject=Check%20out%20https%3A%2F%2Flearn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com%2Fblog%2F2019%2F03%2F05%2Fdoes-phthalate-metabolite-concentration-differ-among-population-groups%3Futm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_source%3Demail%20&body=Check%20out%20https%3A%2F%2Flearn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com%2Fblog%2F2019%2F03%2F05%2Fdoes-phthalate-metabolite-concentration-differ-among-population-groups%3Futm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_source%3Demail) ### Upcoming Programs Explore our upcoming programs to begin your journey towards a career in tech! Classes begin year-round. [![EXPLORE](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/4020755/e0f6232d-25e4-456d-a386-a0cf09a776dd.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/4020755/e0f6232d-25e4-456d-a386-a0cf09a776dd) ### Want to know more? ### Support NSS [![Donate Now](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/4020755/6faecbd3-f6a1-4a5b-9256-fa436de1e5ef.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/4020755/6faecbd3-f6a1-4a5b-9256-fa436de1e5ef) ### Post by Topic - [Student Stories (369)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/student-stories) - [Web Development (279)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/web-development) - [Hiring? (233)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/hiring) - [Analytics + Data Science (210)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/analytics-data-science) - [Community (126)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/community) - [News (115)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/news) - [Learning (111)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/learning) - [Alumni (78)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/alumni) - [Software Engineering (61)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/software-engineering) - [Technology Insights (39)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/technology-insights) - [10 Years | 2000 Journeys (27)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/10-years-2000-journeys) - [Get Involved (24)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/get-involved) - [Meetups & Community Events (22)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/meetups-community-events) - [UI/UX (22)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/ui-ux) - [Data Engineering (17)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/data-engineering) - [Mind The Gap (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/tag/mind-the-gap) All ### Blog Archives - [September 2026 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2026/09) - [August 2026 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2026/08) - [July 2026 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2026/07) - [June 2026 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2026/06) - [May 2026 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2026/05) - [April 2026 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2026/04) - [March 2026 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2026/03) - [February 2026 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2026/02) - [January 2026 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2026/01) - [December 2025 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/12) - [November 2025 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/11) - [October 2025 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/10) - [September 2025 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/09) - [August 2025 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/08) - [July 2025 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/07) - [June 2025 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/06) - [May 2025 (8)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/05) - [April 2025 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/04) - [March 2025 (7)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/03) - [February 2025 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/02) - [January 2025 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2025/01) - [December 2024 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/12) - [November 2024 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/11) - [October 2024 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/10) - [September 2024 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/09) - [August 2024 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/08) - [July 2024 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/07) - [June 2024 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/06) - [May 2024 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/05) - [April 2024 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/04) - [March 2024 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/03) - [February 2024 (6)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/02) - [January 2024 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2024/01) - [December 2023 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/12) - [November 2023 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/11) - [October 2023 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/10) - [September 2023 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/09) - [August 2023 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/08) - [July 2023 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/07) - [June 2023 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/06) - [May 2023 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/05) - [April 2023 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/04) - [March 2023 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/03) - [February 2023 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/02) - [January 2023 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2023/01) - [December 2022 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/12) - [November 2022 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/11) - [October 2022 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/10) - [September 2022 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/09) - [August 2022 (10)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/08) - [July 2022 (10)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/07) - [June 2022 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/06) - [May 2022 (6)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/05) - [April 2022 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/04) - [March 2022 (12)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/03) - [February 2022 (12)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/02) - [January 2022 (8)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2022/01) - [December 2021 (7)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/12) - [November 2021 (8)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/11) - [October 2021 (6)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/10) - [September 2021 (15)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/09) - [August 2021 (19)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/08) - [July 2021 (12)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/07) - [June 2021 (16)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/06) - [May 2021 (9)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/05) - [April 2021 (9)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/04) - [March 2021 (10)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/03) - [February 2021 (17)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/02) - [January 2021 (10)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2021/01) - [December 2020 (13)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/12) - [November 2020 (7)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/11) - [October 2020 (11)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/10) - [September 2020 (13)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/09) - [August 2020 (9)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/08) - [July 2020 (10)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/07) - [June 2020 (12)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/06) - [May 2020 (7)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/05) - [April 2020 (12)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/04) - [March 2020 (11)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/03) - [February 2020 (8)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/02) - [January 2020 (7)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2020/01) - [December 2019 (6)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/12) - [November 2019 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/11) - [October 2019 (6)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/10) - [September 2019 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/09) - [August 2019 (10)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/08) - [July 2019 (7)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/07) - [June 2019 (8)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/06) - [May 2019 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/05) - [April 2019 (8)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/04) - [March 2019 (8)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/03) - [February 2019 (6)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/02) - [January 2019 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2019/01) - [December 2018 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/12) - [November 2018 (7)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/11) - [October 2018 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/10) - [September 2018 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/09) - [August 2018 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/08) - [July 2018 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/07) - [June 2018 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/06) - [May 2018 (7)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/05) - [April 2018 (9)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/04) - [March 2018 (6)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/03) - [February 2018 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/02) - [January 2018 (7)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2018/01) - [December 2017 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/12) - [November 2017 (9)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/11) - [October 2017 (11)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/10) - [September 2017 (9)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/09) - [August 2017 (12)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/08) - [July 2017 (8)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/07) - [June 2017 (9)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/06) - [May 2017 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/05) - [April 2017 (8)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/04) - [March 2017 (8)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/03) - [February 2017 (7)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/02) - [January 2017 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2017/01) - [December 2016 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2016/12) - [September 2016 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2016/09) - [August 2016 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2016/08) - [July 2016 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2016/07) - [June 2016 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2016/06) - [May 2016 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2016/05) - [April 2016 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2016/04) - [March 2016 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2016/03) - [February 2016 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2016/02) - [January 2016 (5)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2016/01) - [December 2015 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2015/12) - [June 2015 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2015/06) - [January 2015 (4)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2015/01) - [December 2014 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2014/12) - [February 2014 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2014/02) - [January 2014 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2014/01) - [October 2013 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2013/10) - [June 2013 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2013/06) - [May 2013 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2013/05) - [April 2013 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2013/04) - [November 2012 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2012/11) - [October 2012 (2)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2012/10) - [July 2012 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2012/07) - [June 2012 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2012/06) - [May 2012 (3)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2012/05) - [January 2012 (1)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/archive/2012/01) All ### Recent Posts Nashville Software School is authorized by the [Tennessee Higher Education Commission](https://www.tn.gov/thec/). This authorization must be renewed each year and is based on an evaluation by minimum standards concerning quality of education, ethical business practices, health and safety, and fiscal responsibility. - [NSS](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/) - [About](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/about) - [Press](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/press) - [Contact](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/contact) - [Virtual Tour](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/virtual-tour) - [FAQ](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/faq) - [Blog](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog) - [Policies & Regulations](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/policies-and-regulations) - [Programs](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs) - [Software Development Jumpstart](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/software-development-jumpstart) - [Analytics Jumpstart](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/analytics-jumpstart) - [Data Engineering Jumpstart](https://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/data-engineering-jumpstart) - [Full-Time Web Developer Bootcamp](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/full-time-bootcamps) - [Part-Time Web Developer Bootcamp](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/part-time) - [Full-Time Data Analytics Bootcamp](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/data-analytics-full-time) - [Part-Time Data Analytics Bootcamp](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/data-analytics-part-time) - [Data Engineering Bootcamp](https://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/data-engineering) - [Statistics For Data Science](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/statistics-for-data-science) - [Data Science Bootcamp](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/data-science) - [Professional Development](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/programs/professional-development) - [Community](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community) - [Donate](https://support.nashvillesoftwareschool.com) - [Shop NSS](https://shopnss.creator-spring.com/) - [Our Team](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/instructors/) - [Alumni](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/alumni/) - [Mentors](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/mentors/) - [Employers](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/employers/) - [Veterans' Information](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/veterans-info/) - [Podcast](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community/podcast/) - [Join Our Team](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/join-our-team) - [Support NSS](https://support.nashvillesoftwareschool.com) - [Donate](https://support.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/ways-to-give) - [Corporate Giving](https://support.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/building-a-better-community-through-corporate-giving) - [Become a Volunteer](https://support.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/become-a-volunteer) - [Community Impact Report](https://support.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/community-impact-report-2025) - [Upcoming Events](http://nashvillesoftwareschool.com/calendar)   [![Leaders-in-Diversity-2023](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/hs-fs/hubfs/Leaders-in-Diversity-2023.png?width=120&height=60&name=Leaders-in-Diversity-2023.png)](https://bizj.us/1qj9h1)[![Best In Business 2020 Winner](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/hs-fs/hubfs/BIBA-2020-logo-Winner.jpg?width=120&name=BIBA-2020-logo-Winner.jpg)](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/2020/03/10/nss-awarded-best-in-business)![Nashville Scene - Ditch Your Crappy Job 2016](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/hs-fs/hubfs/Nashville-Scene-Award.jpg?width=120&name=Nashville-Scene-Award.jpg)   [![NACC Proud Member](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/hs-fs/hubfs/NACCProudMember.png?width=120&name=NACCProudMember.png)](https://www.nashvillechamber.com/) [![NTC Member](https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/hs-fs/hubfs/ntc-member.png?width=250&name=ntc-member.png)](https://technologycouncil.com/)     ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@type" : "BlogPosting", "author" : { "@type" : "Person", "name" : "Mandy Arola", "url" : "https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/author/mandy-arola" }, "dateModified" : "2019-03-06T15:09:14.643Z", "datePublished" : "2019-03-05T17:53:16.000Z", "headline" : "Does Phthalate Metabolite Concentration Differ Among Population Groups? | Discovery Through Data", "image" : [ "https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/hubfs/Exploring%20Phthalate%20Metabolite%20Concentration.png" ], "mainEntityOfPage" : { "@id" : "https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/blog/2019/03/05/does-phthalate-metabolite-concentration-differ-among-population-groups", "@type" : "WebPage" }, "publisher" : { "@type" : "Organization", "logo" : { "@type" : "ImageObject", "url" : "https://learn.nashvillesoftwareschool.com/hubfs/NSS-logo-horizontal-large.jpg" }, "name" : "Nashville Software School" } } ```